Governance sans Democracy

Twenty-seven year old Utpal Biswas works as a car driver. He has been working for a car hire company for the the past seven years. His parents wanted him to study and do a government job, which never happened as his father lost his job when Utpal was only four years old.

Debal Biswas, Utpal's father, used to lead a team of about hundred people in Belgharia's one-time well known textile factory the Mohini Mills, which closed down permanently in 1988. Since then the Durga Puja there has stopped, most of the workers were forced to take up meanial jobs for living and some even committed suicide. Utpal can't even recollect the Durga Puja days at the mill complex. He was barely four then when it all stopped. Now the deserted mill complex stands like as if it is in ruins. Utpal's father became a rickshaw puller to sustain his family and whatever money he earned was not enough to send Utpal to a good school. As a teenager, Utpal learnt driving to relieve his father from pulling rickshaws.

On a recent trip to Kolkata, Utpal was driving us from Belgharia to Bandel. While driving past the Durgapur Expressway, near Singur,I asked him what he thought about Mamata Banerjee. From Utpal's enthusiasm and energy it seemed as though he was waiting for the question to be asked, especially near the place which built Banerjee's political fortune for years to come.

"Didi will bring about real change", quipped Utpal, the glimmer in his eyes showing the real conviction unlike the rhetoric that political elements are used to. I tried to understand what he meant by 'real change' and there was no defintive answer but only a sense of euphoria and hope.

"But how is it going to affect you, what will happen to Mohini Mills where your father worked for years and yet didn't get his dues!"

My sense of suspicion or being a devil's advocate, failed to make any change in Utpal and he said, "Didi-r kachhe khabar chole gechhe. Mohini Mill-e rail-er karkhana habe". (Banerjee is aware of Mohini Mills and will set up a railway factory there.) My questioning the validity of such an expectation was, however, not 'hopeless' enough to dampen his hopes.

Utpal was not the only one who was euphoric about Mamata Banerjee. A fruit vendor at Dunlop or a man selling cheap dresses outside Baghbazar Bata also spoke in similar vein.It seemed as if the dispossessed were more hopeful than others and I could not figure out why. A senior colleague, who has been a well known correspondent in India for years, feels, "the people of Bengal were desperate for change".

Will the people of Bengal move to a higher trajectory of democratic polity or practice? Will the new government ensure better governance?

Governance is the buzz word for Banerjee these days. Her unannounced visits to government offices, hospitals, schools, market places are making people happy although the real reason behind such happiness is not very clear to me yet. Are they happy because they hope that good days would return or they are pleased that those who were reaping the benefits of being paid their salaries for not doing enough work or extorting the ordinary man are being pulled up?

From the surface though it seems that people are pleased with the effort to ensure governance and bring it back within the public domain. The danger of expecting too much on governance is that both the government and the governed tend to confuse between 'democratic governance' and governance which is not necessarily participatory and democratic.

Democracy and governance are probably both mutually exclusive. Governance is no pre-requisite for democracy and the vice versa is also probably true. One can ensure governance without stains of democracy.(Even a military regime can ensure governance without any obligation for democracy.) The best example is probably the emergency days of Indira Gandhi. So when a US Congressional report praises Narendra Modi for governance, they tend to overlook his pluralistic credentials or lack of it, which also raises serious questions about their understanding of democracy.

I am not in any way comparing Modi and Banerjee but I can see in her a desperation to ensure governance without much concern for participatory practices. Remember the way she announced closure of schools a day after students drenched to the core celebrated the 150th birth anniversary of Rabindranath Thakur or the way she keeps on announcing welfare projects in the state. They are definitely intended to bring about welfare but there is no mechanism or any evidence to ensure that the objectives are desired and would be achieved.

Banerjee prefers the 'top-down' approach of development but the 'bottom-up' path is a more participatory one and hence mindful of the essence of democracy. Democracy definitely has many deficits but whether governance bereft of democratic values is desireable calls for a much wider debate.

All comments are personal and have no bearing on my present or past places of work. Comments on the post are welcome at the blog site.

SOAS I live for thee

After a heart wrenching few weeks on making a personal choice between the two premier educational institutes in London, I decided to go for the King's College KCL over the School of Oriental and African Studies SOAS. This is of course no aspersion on the proficiency of SOAS as an academic institute of repute, not only within the United Kingdom but also worldwide. SOAS was my entrypoint to the world of academics in Britain and the decision to choose KCL has been largely guided by what the Bloombusry institution taught me in two years. As a hetrodox academic institute, SOAS taught me to challenge the mainstream and try things which situate thinking in a different perspective. The choice of KCL was only to witness the alternative to what I imbibed from the SOAS.

SOAS has literally been a melting pot of alternative thinking and the intellectuals there aren't shy of practising what they preach. One would thus see academics delivering lectures not in pin-stripped suites, as is the usual practice in most western institutions, but wearing Pink Floyd T-shirts and faded Jeans. The campus would witness a sprectrum of thoughts ranging from the Old Socialist school, vehmently opposing any reduction in the role of government, to making a case for the meanial migrant workers, who often face deportation threats, and finally queing up to have themselves fed by the 'karma food' provided free by the International Society for Krishna Conciousness (ISKCON).

It is not only the image of enacting the alternative that stood SOAS apart, the academics, undoubtedly some of the best in the world, also provided the intellectual succour behind the emobodiment of such a hetrodox thinking.

Being a student of the Department of Development Studies, I had the pleasure of interacting with some of the wonderful minds, ranging from acclaimed academics like
Subir Sinha to Gilbert Achcar. Subir Sinha influenced much of my recent thinking, especially his improvisation on discursive analysis provides a rare insight into the roles of civil society and social movements within the domain of global politics, and Gilbert Achcar is an epitome of knowledge.

Although I studied Keynesian economics at the undergraduate level in India, but it reached a fruition beyond the IS-LM Curve Analysis only after Alfredo Saad Filho explained the political economy of its rise and demise. Jens Lerche with his breadth of knowledge on agrarian change and class relations in South Asia would often meticulously attend some of my trivial queries on land following the developments in Singur and Nandigram.

Paolo Novak was my first admissions tutor at the SOAS. Coming from a South Asian background we are not generally used to seeing teachers as friends but as days progressed Paolo with his warmth and informality turned our relationship into more of friendship and similar was the case with Dae-oup Chang, who joined the SOAS in the same year as I did.

My experience at the SOAS has been more of a journey, as Henry Bernstein would use the metaphor to describe 'development', into the world of knowledge guided only by the pleasure of learning, made possible by the academics and also by a team of dedicated staff in the faculty led by Jack Footitt. I leave SOAS, with a heavy heart, only to put to test if I have rightly picked up the essence of what this hetrodox institution stands for.

All comments are personal and have no bearing on my present or past places of work. Comments on the post are welcome at the blogsite.